HX3.5 Backgrounder

Preface

Due to many requests I decided to design a HX3.5 mainboard mechanically compatible to HX3.4, so no need for any hardware change (if you don't want to use the new features).

However, some small changes apply:

• Additional analog multiplexer connector for up to 64 analog control inputs
• New Reverb DSP
• USB MIDI input (internal connector), just add a USB socket

The new high-performance reverb DSP is capable of producing additional GM voices for piano, vibraphone etc. (optional licence basis). GM voices may be routed to lower manual or pedal also.

The new much larger HX3.5 FPGA yields a lot of new features to mimic all classic organs - Hammond H100 as well as Wersi, Farfisa, Böhm, Vox Continental etc., along with the legendary HX3 sound you know:

• Support of up to 15 busbars per manual as well as pedal. Higher 6 busbar are routed as "mixtures" to additional 3 drawbars. Busbar mix to each drawbar is adjustable, as well as harmonic (for example 16/27' or 4/5', up to 1/4', or even 10 2/3')
• Any busbar of upper/lower manual may be routed to its own ADSR/VCA envelope circuit instead of "mechanical" contacts (FPGA contains nearly 1000 ADSR/VCA circuits for each manual) for polyphonic percussion on selectable drawbars, sustain or just noiseless "electronic" keying
• "Second Voice" feature as found on Hammond H100 (particular drawbars routed to Vibrato/Chorus, others "dry")
• Additional "electronic" vibrato/chorus/ensemble circuit like Wersivoice or Böhm Phasing Rotor, may also be used and parametrized as additional "Celeste" Vibrato for Hammond H100. Simulation of three TDA1022 CCD delay ICs, adjustable modulation and audio mix for each.
• Loadable generator wavetables for non-Hammond organs, from pure sine to cheesy or sawtooth-like sounds. Each generator octave may have its own waveform.
• Different loudness curves or linear mode for swell pedal
• Bass pedal up to 61 keys, full ADSR envelope as on manuals (always on)
• Up to 15 drawbars per manual, either 4 or up to 15 pedal drawbars, additional 4 drawbars for ADSR envelope plus one "harmonics decay" drawbar per manual (adjusts non-simultaneous decay of harmonics for a decent string bass effect)
• Volume drawbars for tube amp gain, volume, tone (as before), plus separate upper, lower and pedal volumes
• Deleted "Output Configuration" menu. Instead, digital audio "Inserts" act as below. Output A/B select button becomes "Add pedal to tube amp". When off, pedal signal is post-mixed to digital output.
• 16 Buttons/switches as found on mk4 (despite Common Presets, which are no longer supported), plus:

* 8 Buttons for Wersivoice/Phasing Rotor setup
* 2x 12 Buttons for routing a drawbar to ADSR envelope
* 1 Button for "Second Voice" effect
* 4 Buttons for effect "Inserts" (tube amp, rotary speaker sim, PhasingRotor/Wersivoice to lower and upper)

• Generator size adjustable from 72 to 96 notes
• Separate (de-)tuning of each generator note for emulation of Conn and other theater organs
• Firmware and FPGA update by SD Card (external slot) or on-board Micro SD card, very dependable, no need for an update application
• Persistent EEPROM basic settings (user name, licences, scan configuration etc.), will not overwrite on update
• Scripts (human-readable text files) running from SD Card to set any amount of parameters (i.e. for "overall organ type" presets), selectable from MenuPanel
• Support for SysEx communication, no need for USB connection (may still be used, though)
• New menu behaviour for faster scrolling and easy parameter changes (114 entries)
• All parameters may be controlled by MIDI without any buttons/drawbars connected

A new Drawbar assembly design will contain own multiplexers, as the new design supports up to 64 drawbars or potentiometers (12 drawbars per manual/pedal plus additional controls). This cleans up wiring, as only one 10-wire bus cable is needed to connect them (up to 64 analog inputs and 64 switches/buttons possible).